2015年职称英语考试《综合B》真题（文字版）

第一篇

Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?

When people argue about whether coffee is good for health, they're usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too.

Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under the canopy(树冠)of taller indigenous(土生土长的)trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren’t any trees. With increased production come increased profits.

Unfortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat. Native birds nest and hide from predators(捕食者)in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.

Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.

Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and "bird friendly." Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we're paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it's worth it.

31、What is the main idea of this passage?

A. Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee

B. Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.

C. People should buy shade-grown coffee.

D. Shade-grown coffee is more expensive than sun-grown coffee.

【答案】A

32、The function of the word “traditionally” in Paragraph 2 is to show

A. the positive effects of coffee.

B. a change of coffee growth.

C. how coffee production used to be.

D. something that is most important.

【答案】B

33、What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?

A. More insects.

B. Better quantity coffee.

C. larger farms.

D. Higher profits.

【答案】D

34、How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?

A. They buy more land from other farmers.

B. They move to another country.

C. they cut down trees.

D. They turn grassland to farmland

【答案】C

35、The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT

A.insects

B. birds

C. humans

D. air

【答案】D

第二篇　原文出处概括大意第十篇Washoe learned American Sign language.

Washoe Learned American Sign Language

An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington.Washoe had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.

Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report.The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words.For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat.She could request foods like apples and bananas.She also asked questions like,"Who is coming to play?" Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research.The whole direction of primate research changed.

However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes.Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners.He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington.There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.

Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoer provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees.Today,there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps.Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.

Debate continues about chimps understanding of human communication.Yet,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

第三篇 　原文出处阅读判断第七篇Moderate earthquake strikes England

Moderate Earthquake Strikes England

A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007,toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds.Several thousand people were left without power in Kent County.One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries.

"It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride," said the woman.

The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake struck at 8:19 a.m.and was centered under the English Channel,about 8.5 miles south of Dover and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel.

Witnesses said cracks appeared in walls and chimneys collapsed across the county.Residents said the tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 seconds.

"I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me." said Hendrick van Eck,27,of Canterbury about 60 miles southeast of London."I then heard the sound of cracking,and it was getting heavier and heavier.It felt as if someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down."

There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year,but they are rare in Britain.The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4.8-magnitude quake struck the central England city of Birmingham.

The country's strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in 1931,measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale.British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain,including one in 1580 that caused damage m London and was felt in France.Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time before another earthquake struck this part of England.However,people should not be scared too much by this prediction,Musson said,as the modern earthquake warning system of Britain should be able to detect a forthcoming quake and announce it several hours before it takes place.This would allow time for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the minimum.

补全短文

Saving a City's Public Art

Avoiding traffic jams in Los Angeles may be impossible, but the city's colorful freeway murals(壁画)can brighten even the worst commute. Paintings that depict(描述)famous people and historical scenes cover office buildings and freeway walls all access the city. With a collection of more than 2,000 murals, Los Angeles is the unofficial mural capital of the world.

But the combination of graffiti(涂鸦), pollution, and hot sun has left many L.A. murals in terrible condition. _____(46)in the past, experts say, little attention was given to caring for public art. Artists were even expected to maintain their own works, not an easy task with cars racing by along the freeway.

_____(47)The work started in 2003. So far, 16 walls have been selected and more may be added later.

Until about 1960, public murals in Los Angeles were rare. But in the 1960s and 1970s, young L.A. artists began to study early 20th-century Mexican mural painting_____(48)

The most famous mural in the city is Judith Baca's "The Great Wall," a 13-foot-high(4-meter-high)painting that runs for half a mile (0.8 kilometer) in North Hollywood, _____(49)it took eight years to complete—400 underprivileged teenagers painted the designs—and is probably the longest mural in the world.

One of the murals that will be restored now is Kent Twitchell's "Seventh Street Altarpiece." which he painted for the Los Angeles Olympics in 1984. _____ (50) Twitchell said, "it was meant as a kind of gateway through which the traveler to L.A. must drive. The open hands represent peace."

Artists often call murals the people's art. Along a busy freeway or hidden in a quiet neighborhood, murals can teach people who would never pay money to see fine art in a museum, "Murals give a voice to the silent majority," said one artist.

A.The city trying to stop the spread of graffiti, has painted over some of the murals complete.

B.This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.

C.Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.

D.Now the city is beginning a huge project to restore the city's murals.

E.The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.

F.Soon, their murals became a symbol of the city's cultural expressions and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.

【中华考试网校温馨提醒】更多全国资格类、金融类、外语类、工程类、医学类、会计类等一系列考试资讯，请关注中华考试网校2017年全国考试资讯、行业动态等相关频道。中华考试网校全国考试资讯频道帮考生朋友详细介绍 ，希望大家及时了解。

若在学习过程中对2017年全国各类考试（会计从业、初级会计职称、中级会计职称、高级会计师、初级经济师、中级经济师、一级建造师、二级建造师、注册消防工程师、二级消防工程师、执业药师、执业医师、护士执业资格、职称英语、教师资格证、心理咨询师、人力资源管理师、营养师、理财规划师等）考务日常安排通知有任何疑惑，请访问中华考试网校“考试资讯频道”，或拨打客服电话：400-0809-163，随时与考生朋友们交流!

全国首屈一指“宏题库”、“神笔记”、“周直播”等众多系列课程及资料，环环相扣，步步紧连，助考每一步！收藏“中华考试网校官方网址www.cne163.com”，关注“华文燕园”“华文燕园中华考试网校”官方微信公众平台，第一时间获取最新行业动态及考试资讯、考题资料等信息!