2015年职称英语考试理工类每日一练(2月2日)

来源：本站原创 2015/2/2 9:36:36【中华考试网校】

2015年职称英语考试理工类每日一练(2月2日)

单项选择题
1、 He was persuaded to give up the idea.
A．mention
B．accept
C．consider
D．drop


2、回答题：
The Threat to Kiribati
The people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth-literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide. These tides, which swept across the island and destroyed houses, came when there was neither wind nor rain. "This never happened before." says the older citizens of Kiribati.
What is causing these mysterious high tides? The answer may well be global warming. When fuels like oil and coal are being burned, pollutants (污染物 ) are released; these pollutants trap heat in the earth' s atmosphere. Warmer temperatures cause water to expand and also create more water by melting glaciers ( 冰川 ) and polar ( 极地的 ) ice caps.
If the trend continues, scientists say, many countries will suffer. Bangladesh, for example, might lose one- fifth of its land. The coral ( 珊瑚) island nations of the Pacific, like Kiribati and the Marshall Islands, however, would face an even worse fate-they would be swallowed by the sea. The loss of these coral islands would be everyone's loss. Coral formations are home to more species than any other place on earth.
The people of these nations feel frustrated. The sea, on which their economies have always been based, is suddenly threatening their existence. They don't have the money for expensive technological solutions like seawalls. And they have no control over the pollutants, which are being released mainly by activities in large industrialized countries. All they can do is to hope that industrialized countries will take steps to reduce pollution.
The people of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned


3、
回答题：
New Product Will Save Lives
Drinking water that looks clean may still contain bugs (虫子), which can cause illness. A small company called Genera Technologies has produced a testing method in three stages, which shows whether water is safe. The
new test shows if water needs chemicals added to it, to destroy anything harmful. It was invented by scientist Dr. Adrian Patton, who started Genera five years ago. He and his employees have developed the test together with a British water company.
Andy Headland, Genera's marketing director, recently presented the test at a conference in the USA and forecast good American sales for it. Genera has already sold 11 of its tests at $42,500 a time in the U.K. and has a further four on order. It expects to sell another 25 tests before the end of March. The company says it is the only test in the U.K. to be approved by the government.
Genera was formed five years ago and until October last year had only five employees; it now employs 14. Mr. Headland believes that the company should make around $19 million by the end of the year in the U.K. alone.
Genera Technologies has developed a method that determines whether water is clean.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned


4、 That player is eternally arguing with the referee.
A．desperately
B．constantly
C．eventually
D．extensively


5、 About one million Americans are diagnosed annually with skin cancer.
A．every year
B．severely
C．actively
D．every month


6、根据以下材料回答题：
The Emic and Etic Approaches
Researchers who are unfamiliar with the cultural and ethnic groups they are studying must take extra precautions to shed any biases they bring with them from their own culture. For example, they must make sure they construct measures that are meaningful for each of the cultural or ethnic minority groups being studied.
In conducting research on cultural and ethnic minority issues, investigators distinguish between the emic approach and the etic approach. In the emic approach, the goal is to describe behavior in one culture or ethnic group in terms that are meaningful and important to the people in that culture or ethnic group, without regard to other cultures or ethnic groups. In the eric approach, the goal is to describe behavior so that generalizations can be made across cultures. If researchers construct a questionnaire in an emic fashion, their concern is only that
the questions are meaningful to the particular culture or ethnic group being studied. If, however, the researchers construct a questionnaire in an etic fashion, they want to include questions that reflect concepts familiar to all cultures involved.
How might the emic and etic approaches be reflected in the study of family processes? In the emic approach, the researchers might choose to focus only on middle-class White families, without regard to whether the information obtained in the study can be generalized or is appropriate for ethnic minority groups. In a subsequent study, the researchers may decide to adopt an eric approach by studying not only middle-class White families, but also lower-income White families, Black American families, Spanish American families, and Asian American families. In studying ethnic minority families, the researchers would likely discover that
the extended family is more frequently a support system in ethnic minority families than in White American families. If so, the emic approach would reveal a more different pattern of family interaction than would the etic approach, documenting that research with middle class White families cannot always be generalized to all
ethnic groups.

According to the first paragraph, researchers unfamiliar with the target cultures are inclined to__________
A．be overcautious in constructing meaningful measures
B．view them from their own cultural perspective
C．guard against interference from their own culture
D．accept readily what is alien to their own culture


7、
回答题：
Pathways to Research: Problem-solving
1. Pittsburgh's many hills aren't kind to bikers. Anyone hoping to pedal to work there has to contend with steep streets like Canton Avenue, which famously climbs at a nearly 40-degree angle. As a result, some residents avoid biking altogether.
2. But University of Pittsburgh graduate Micah Toll, 23, and a few friends recently launched an invention that they hope will increase the city's pedal power. An electric bike called to Pulse PEVO. A super-strong battery powers the bicycle. Able to hit nearly 20 miles per hours without pedaling, it zips battery powers the bicycle. Able to hit nearly 20 miles per hour without pedaling, it zips up the city's most daunting(令人却歩的 )hills. Toll hopes it will persuade people in Pittsburgh and elsewhere to get out of their cars and onto bikes.
3. If it sounds like Toll has a knack( 窍门 ) for fixing problems, that's because he does. In high school, he designed a new type of construction beam. It weights no more than a feather pillow but can be used to builds turdy( 坚固的 )homes. for refugees fleeing war or natural disaster. For his work, Toll was invited to attend the Inter International Science and Engineering Fair(ISEF)--twice, in 2006 and 2007. The annual competition for young researchers is program of Society for Science&the Public(that's the parent organization of Science News for Kids). Toll says that when it comes to science, he keeps it simple : "You see a problem and say, "How
could I solve that?"
4. He's not the only to take that approach. Many young researchers get their start by trying to solve a problem or fulfill a need in their own communities. When students dedicate themselves to finding a solution that many benefit their community, "a passion is ignited( 点燃 ), " says Wendy Hawkins, executive director of the Inter Foundation, which sponsors Intel ISEF. "Finding that passion and fostering it can be the key to many students future success." she says.
Paragraph 1__________．
A．Intel International Science and Engineering Fair
B．The enthusiasm for solving problems
C．The young researchers' passion
D．An invention increasing pedal power
E．Why people avoid biking in Pittsburgh
F．The cause of national disaster


8、
The Northern Lights
根据以下材料回答题：
The sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather. It is so hot and active that even the Sun's gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check! Energy flows away from the Sun toward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speeds around a million miles per hour. These particles are called plasma, and the stream of plasma coming from the Sun is called the solar wind. The more active the Snn, the stronger the solar wind.
The solar wind constantly streams toward the Earth, but don't worry because a protective magnetic fields surrounds our planet. The same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and south poles. The charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth. When a large blast of solar wind crashes into the Earth's magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect.
The breaking and reconnecting of the magnetic field lines can cause atomic particles called electrons trapped in the belts to fall into the Earth's atmosphere at the poles. As the electrons fall into the Earth, they collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere, creating flashes of light in the sky.
Each atmospheric gas glows a different color, Oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green and nitrogen glows violet-purple. As these various colors glow and dance in the night sky, they create the Northern Lights and the Southern Lights.
Watching auroras ( 北极光 ) is fun and exciting, but normally you can only see them in places far north like Alaska and Canada. The movement of the aurora across the sky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate ( 跳动) , flicker (闪烁 ) , or even move like waves. During solar maximum, 5 auroras are seen as far south as Florida, even Mexico! Auroras often seem to be very close to the ground, but the lowest aurora is still about 100 kilometers above the ground, a distance much higher than clouds are formed or airplanes can fly. A typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometers long, a few hundred kilometers high, but only a few hundred meters thick.
We hope you are able to travel to far-north places like the Arctic Circle and see the Northern Lights at least once during your lifetime. We know you will never forget it!
The solar wind comes into being as a result of__________
A．fast flow of energy away from the Sun
B．disappearance of the Sun's gravity
C．unpredictable weather of the Sun
D．a stream of particles being blown away


9、Red flag was placed there as a token of danger.
A．sign
B．substitute
C．proof
D．target


10、However bad the situation is， the majority is unwilling to risk change. 
A．reluctant
B．eager
C．pleased
D．angry